Sunday, January 29, 2012

Types of Pressure Taps used in Orifice

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Any restriction in the flow pipe causes a drop of pressure that is, the downstream pressure lowers by an amount equal to the pressure drop due to the restriction. In case of orifices, the drop in pressure varies from the location of the orifice plate to the downstream side until the flow becomes fully developed. The pressure drop is at its maximum at the vena contracta. Taps are used to sense the pressure and they are classified based on their location.

Corner Taps 
In this arrangement, openings for the pressure taps are located in the upstream and downstream flanges holding the orifice plate
orifice meter with corner

Tuesday, January 24, 2012

Piping Corrosion and Corrosion Protection

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1. Introduction

Corrosion is the degradation of a metal or alloy, as a result of chemical reaction with its environment. The degradation is caused by an oxidation reaction, In electrochemical sense, oxidation is metal atom (M) losing electrons. (Not necessarily to Oxygen).
M → M + e
By the corrosion attack of any type, component can weaken. The rate and nature of attack is influenced by mechanical stress, thermal stress, cyclic stress, temperature, type of environment, type and nature of corrosion product formed, etc. Since the parameters are at large and can vary, it is difficult to predict the corrosion behavior. The harm to the life of the component also depends on the type of corrosion attack Pitting type-localized corrosion may puncture the container earlier than a uniform corrosion. And the spalled corrosion product debris of uniform corrosion may choke the inside of heat exchanger. threatening its life.

 

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