Actuators Selection and Application Guidelines

Actuators selection guidelines are provided to assist in selecting a suitable valve for any application. These guidelines are intended to cover all physical features and capabilities or limitations of different types of valves and which may be suitable for one particular application. The user must fully evaluate the pros and cons of using a particular type of valve and arrive at the most suitable selection, taking into consideration the life span expected and costs involved.

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Gate Valve Types, Construction, Applications and Advantages

Gate valves are primarily designed to serve as isolation valves. In service, these valves generally are either fully open or fully closed. When fully open, the fluid or gas flows through the valve in a straight line with very little resistance. Gate valves should not be used in the regulation or throttling of flow because accurate control is not possible. Furthermore, high-flow velocity in partially opened valves may cause erosion of the discs and seating surfaces. Vibration may also result in chattering of the partially opened valve disc. An exception to the above are specially designed gate valves that are used for low-velocity throttling; for example, guillotine gate valves for pulp stock.

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PreStressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (PCCP) Installation Procedure

Pipe Handling and Storage

A crane or backhoe outfitted with a steel cable sling may be used to unload pipe unless the pipe has a special exterior coating that could be damaged by a steel cable sling. In such cases, a fabric sling should be used. Multiple slings are often used in handling large pipe and fittings. Pipe can be stored directly on the ground in nonfreezing conditions. If freezing conditions are expected, the pipe should be set on wooden timbers off the ground to prevent the pipe from becoming frozen to the ground. Rubber gaskets should be stored in a cool place, out of the sun, away from fuel oil, gasoline, electric motors, and any other environment that can damage rubber.

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Types of Flange End Connection

The flange-end connection defines the way in which it is attached to the pipe. The following are commonly available standard flange end types:

Weld-Neck (WN) Flange

Weld-neck flanges are distinguished from other types by their long, tapered hub and gentle transition to the region where the WN flange is butt-welded to the pipe. The long, tapered hub provides an important reinforcement of the flange, increasing its strength and resistance to dishing. WN flanges are typically used on arduous duties involving high pressures or hazardous fluids.

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ASME B31: Code For Pressure Piping

Starting with Project B31 in March 1926, the first edition of American tentative Standard Code for Pressure Piping was published in 1935. In view of continuous industry developments and increases in diversified needs over the years, decisions were made to publish several sections of the Code for Pressure Piping. Since December 1978, the American National Standards Committee B31 was reorganized as theASME Code for Pressure Piping B31 Committee under procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by ANSI.

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ASME Section VIII: Pressure Vessels

Scope

The rules of ASME Section VIII constitute construction requirements for pressure vessels. Division 2 ofASME SectionVIII delineates alternative rules of construction to Division 1 requirements. However, there are some differences between the scopes of the two divisions. Recently added Division 3 provides Alternative Rules for Construction of High-Pressure Vessels.

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ASME Section V: Non-Destructive Examination

Scope

ASME Section V comprises Subsection A, Subsection B, and mandatory and nonmandatory appendixes. Subsection A delineates the methods of nondestructive examination, and Subsection B contains various ASTM standards covering nondestructive examination methods that have been adopted as standards. The standards contained in Subsection B are for information only and are nonmandatory unless specifically referenced in whole or in part in Subsection A or referenced in other code sections and other codes, such as ASME B31, Pressure Piping Code. 

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Download Set of Presentations related to Oil & Gas Sector

Recently i got an email from "DecomWorld", an online Oil & Gas magazine related to oil & gas sector where those guys shared with me with few sets of presentations which i found highly useful and since i believe in formula of knowledge sharing with all, hence i took permission with them to share all of the presentations with you guys. 

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List of Free Magazines Subscriptions Offers and Ebooks Downloads

I have prepared a biggest list of free magazines and e-books which are available to download free of cost legally. I have been preparing this list since last many days and finally had been successful in making it a very comprehensive with all proper details.

To make our readers happy, we are able to offer our feed readers and regular readers on website freebies like Magazines (Online and Print Edition) and lots of Free and legal E-book which anyone can freely distribute.

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An Introduction To Rig Types And Basic Drilling String Components

RIG TYPES

Overview:

Drilling rigs like these bore or drill holes into the earth. Usually they drill to find oil or gas. They work both on land and offshore. Some are big and some are relatively small. Big rigs drill very deep holes, 20000 feet (ft), 3000 meters (m) or more; small rigs may only drill to a few thousand ft or meters. People in the oil land describe groups of rigs into 6 basic types: Land, Jack up, Platform, Submersible, Semi-Submersible and Drill Ship. 

A land rig drills on dry land. There is the most common rig. Light duty rigs drill holes from 3000-5000ft, or 1000-1500m; Medium duty rigs drill to depth ranging from about 4000-10000ft or 12000-3000m; Heavy duty rigs drill holes from about 12000-16000ft deep or 3500-5000m; Ultra-heavy duty rigs drill holes from about 18000-25000ft or more (5500-7500m or more).

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Pipeline Pigging and Its Operation

General

Pipeline pigs and spheres are used for a variety of purposes in both liquids and natural gas pipelines.

Pigs and spheres are forced through the pipeline by the pressure of the flowing fluid. A pig usually consists of a steel body with rubber or plastic cups attached to seal against the inside of the pipeline and to allow pressure to move the pig along the pipeline. Different types of brushes and scrapers can be attached to the body of the pig for cleaning or to perform other functions.

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Methods of Joining Pipe - Pipe Work

Applications of Pipework

Pipework is extensively used throughout an offshore installation to move fluids and gases from one location to another. It can generally be classified into the following three broad groupings:

Process

Used to transport the produced fluids and gases between processing units on the platform.

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